WhatsApp template categories: marketing, utility and authentication
Outside the 24-hour customer service window, a business can only start a WhatsApp conversation with an approved message template. Meta reviews every template and assigns one of three categories, and the category sets the price per delivered message.
Authentication templates use fixed text that Meta supplies. You add the code, and can add a security note, an expiry time and a copy-code or one-tap button. Utility templates must relate to a specific transaction, account or booking the customer already has. Anything else, including greetings, offers, product news and re-engagement, is marketing. If a utility template contains promotional wording, Meta will recategorise it as marketing, so keep order updates free of upsells.
- Body: up to 1,024 characters, variables written as {{1}}, {{2}} and so on, in order
- Do not start or end the body with a variable, and do not place two variables next to each other
- Header text and footer: up to 60 characters each
- Buttons: up to 10 in total; quick reply and call-to-action labels up to 25 characters
- Marketing templates need WhatsApp opt-in, and a “Stop promotions” quick reply gives people a one-tap opt-out
SMS length: why some templates cost two or three messages
A single SMS carries 160 characters in the GSM-7 alphabet. As soon as one character falls outside it, such as an Arabic letter, a curly quote or an emoji, the whole message switches to Unicode (UCS-2) and the limit drops to 70. Longer messages are split into parts of 153 (GSM-7) or 67 (Unicode) characters, and operators bill each part.
That is why the Arabic templates here usually show two or three segments where the English version fits in one or two. Each SMS card shows its encoding and segment count, with placeholders counted as text of similar length. The real values you insert can change the count, so check the final message in the SMS character counter before a large send.
Compliance notes for promotional SMS in the Gulf
Treat any message with an offer, a discount or a sales link as promotional. Send it only to customers who agreed to receive marketing, include a clear opt-out such as “Reply STOP to opt out”, and honour opt-outs on every channel.
In the UAE, promotional SMS must use a sender ID registered for promotional traffic (prefixed AD-) and is normally allowed only between 07:00 and 21:00. In Saudi Arabia, promotional sender IDs carry the -AD suffix and are registered with the regulator. Transactional messages such as OTPs, order updates and appointment reminders go through transactional sender IDs and should contain no marketing.
- Start every SMS with your brand so the recipient knows who is writing
- Never put a one-time code inside a link, and always state when it expires
- Keep patient, account and payment details out of the message; link to a secure portal instead
- Give RCS messages an SMS fallback that keeps the same opt-out wording
Seasonal messages: Ramadan, Eid, National Days and White Friday
Seasonal moments drive much of the year's messaging volume in the GCC. The library includes Ramadan greetings and changed opening hours, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha offers and holiday notices, UAE National Day (2 December) and Saudi National Day (23 September) messages, White Friday sales and New Year campaigns.
Eid dates follow the Hijri calendar and shift by about 11 days each year, so schedule these messages against the announced dates. During Ramadan, daily routines shift towards the evening, so test send times around iftar rather than reusing your usual schedule. A greeting with no offer is still marketing for WhatsApp purposes, so it needs the marketing category and opt-in.
Choosing the channel for each template
Use SMS when reach matters most: it works on every phone without an app or data, which makes it the safe default for OTPs and critical alerts. Use WhatsApp when you want buttons, two-way replies and richer content, for example appointment confirmations, delivery rescheduling or cart recovery. RCS adds branded, verified sender profiles and suggested replies in the native Android messaging app, and falls back to SMS where it is not supported.
Many teams run the same template on more than one channel: WhatsApp first, with an SMS fallback if the message is not delivered. The cost comparison depends on the country and the WhatsApp category, which you can model in the messaging ROI calculator or the pricing estimator.